Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 23 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 23602 |
| Missing cells | 83234 |
| Missing cells (%) | 15.3% |
| Duplicate rows | 0 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 0.0% |
| Total size in memory | 4.1 MiB |
| Average record size in memory | 184.0 B |
Variable types
| NUM | 14 |
|---|---|
| CAT | 6 |
| BOOL | 2 |
| URL | 1 |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2021-11-21 04:01:08.918212 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2021-11-21 04:02:33.693749 |
| Duration | 1 minute and 24.78 seconds |
| Version | pandas-profiling v2.8.0 |
| Command line | pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv] |
| Download configuration | config.yaml |
song_id has a high cardinality: 23526 distinct values | High cardinality |
performer has a high cardinality: 8710 distinct values | High cardinality |
song has a high cardinality: 20044 distinct values | High cardinality |
spotify_genre has a high cardinality: 3130 distinct values | High cardinality |
spotify_track_id has a high cardinality: 19383 distinct values | High cardinality |
spotify_track_album has a high cardinality: 11397 distinct values | High cardinality |
spotify_genre has 1290 (5.5%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_id has 4076 (17.3%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_preview_url has 12011 (50.9%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_duration_ms has 4076 (17.3%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_explicit has 4076 (17.3%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_album has 4081 (17.3%) missing values | Missing |
danceability has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
energy has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
key has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
loudness has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
mode has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
speechiness has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
acousticness has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
instrumentalness has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
liveness has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
valence has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
tempo has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
time_signature has 4129 (17.5%) missing values | Missing |
spotify_track_popularity has 4076 (17.3%) missing values | Missing |
song_id is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
song is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
spotify_track_id is uniformly distributed | Uniform |
df_index has unique values | Unique |
key has 2473 (10.5%) zeros | Zeros |
instrumentalness has 8041 (34.1%) zeros | Zeros |
| Distinct count | 23602 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 100.0% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 14748.974069994068 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0 |
| Maximum | 29502 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1470.05 |
| Q1 | 7378.25 |
| median | 14769.5 |
| Q3 | 22114.75 |
| 95-th percentile | 28054.95 |
| Maximum | 29502 |
| Range | 29502 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 14736.5 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 8522.267326 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5778210258 |
| Kurtosis | -1.198239751 |
| Mean | 14748.97407 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 7366 |
| Skewness | 0.0008325037317 |
| Sum | 348105286 |
| Variance | 72629040.38 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 9624 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 5164 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 15316 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 20529 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 2525 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 29392 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 10455 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 8097 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 5965 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 876 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (23592) | 23592 | > 99.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 2 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 3 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 4 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 29502 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 29501 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 29500 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 29499 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 29498 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 23526 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 99.7% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| Te RobareNicky Jam X Ozuna | 2 |
|---|---|
| Lil BabyYoung Thug | 2 |
| 24/7Meek Mill Featuring Ella Mai | 2 |
| Big Ole FreakMegan Thee Stallion | 2 |
| CalmaPedro Capo X Farruko | 2 |
| Other values (23521) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| Te RobareNicky Jam X Ozuna | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Lil BabyYoung Thug | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 24/7Meek Mill Featuring Ella Mai | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Big Ole FreakMegan Thee Stallion | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| CalmaPedro Capo X Farruko | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Ocean EyesBillie Eilish | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| The LondonYoung Thug, J. Cole & Travis Scott | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Girls Need LoveSummer Walker X Drake | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Rudolph The Red-Nosed ReindeerGene Autry | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| SugeDaBaby | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (23516) | 23582 | 99.9% |
Length
| Max length | 123 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 29 |
| Mean length | 31.64346242 |
| Min length | 5 |
| Distinct count | 8710 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 36.9% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| Glee Cast | 145 |
|---|---|
| Taylor Swift | 102 |
| Drake | 77 |
| Aretha Franklin | 52 |
| The Beatles | 51 |
| Other values (8705) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| Glee Cast | 145 | 0.6% | |
| Taylor Swift | 102 | 0.4% | |
| Drake | 77 | 0.3% | |
| Aretha Franklin | 52 | 0.2% | |
| The Beatles | 51 | 0.2% | |
| The Rolling Stones | 47 | 0.2% | |
| Elvis Presley With The Jordanaires | 44 | 0.2% | |
| The Temptations | 43 | 0.2% | |
| Elton John | 42 | 0.2% | |
| Stevie Wonder | 42 | 0.2% | |
| Other values (8700) | 22957 | 97.3% |
Length
| Max length | 113 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 12 |
| Mean length | 15.08007796 |
| Min length | 1 |
| Distinct count | 20044 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 84.9% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| Hold On | 16 |
|---|---|
| Stay | 12 |
| Without You | 12 |
| Angel | 12 |
| Forever | 12 |
| Other values (20039) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| Hold On | 16 | 0.1% | |
| Stay | 12 | 0.1% | |
| Without You | 12 | 0.1% | |
| Angel | 12 | 0.1% | |
| Forever | 12 | 0.1% | |
| You | 11 | < 0.1% | |
| Runaway | 10 | < 0.1% | |
| I Need You | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| Heaven | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| Friends | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (20034) | 23490 | 99.5% |
Length
| Max length | 75 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 15 |
| Mean length | 16.5645708 |
| Min length | 1 |
| Distinct count | 3130 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 14.0% |
| Missing | 1290 |
| Missing (%) | 5.5% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| [] | 2051 |
|---|---|
| ['contemporary country', 'country', 'country road'] | 269 |
| ['contemporary country', 'country', 'country road', 'modern country rock'] | 230 |
| ['dance pop', 'pop', 'post-teen pop'] | 226 |
| ['glee club', 'hollywood', 'post-teen pop'] | 163 |
| Other values (3125) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| [] | 2051 | 8.7% | |
| ['contemporary country', 'country', 'country road'] | 269 | 1.1% | |
| ['contemporary country', 'country', 'country road', 'modern country rock'] | 230 | 1.0% | |
| ['dance pop', 'pop', 'post-teen pop'] | 226 | 1.0% | |
| ['glee club', 'hollywood', 'post-teen pop'] | 163 | 0.7% | |
| ['canadian hip hop', 'canadian pop', 'hip hop', 'pop rap', 'rap', 'toronto rap'] | 116 | 0.5% | |
| ['deep adult standards'] | 104 | 0.4% | |
| ['bubblegum pop'] | 99 | 0.4% | |
| ['pop', 'post-teen pop'] | 98 | 0.4% | |
| ['adult standards', 'easy listening', 'lounge'] | 97 | 0.4% | |
| Other values (3120) | 18859 | 79.9% | |
| (Missing) | 1290 | 5.5% |
Length
| Max length | 319 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 57 |
| Mean length | 63.05139395 |
| Min length | 2 |
| Distinct count | 19383 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 99.3% |
| Missing | 4076 |
| Missing (%) | 17.3% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| 1GeNui6m825V8jP4uKiIaH | 4 |
|---|---|
| 249gnXrbfmV8NG6jTEMSwD | 3 |
| 25leEEaz1gIpp7o21Fqyjo | 3 |
| 3mRM4NM8iO7UBqrSigCQFH | 3 |
| 69dXVFCMiz3SL1L7M24NdX | 2 |
| Other values (19378) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1GeNui6m825V8jP4uKiIaH | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| 249gnXrbfmV8NG6jTEMSwD | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 25leEEaz1gIpp7o21Fqyjo | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 3mRM4NM8iO7UBqrSigCQFH | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 69dXVFCMiz3SL1L7M24NdX | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 7l9DlqEWqgKVDIzWIeoObf | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 22oEJW6r2rMb9z4IntfyEa | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 12hAeEyERydkkb1Wow1xdA | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 285pBltuF7vW8TeWk8hdRR | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 7M2tXmeS15NAzEn7ABFeBg | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (19373) | 19501 | 82.6% | |
| (Missing) | 4076 | 17.3% |
Length
| Max length | 22 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 22 |
| Mean length | 18.71875265 |
| Min length | 3 |
| Distinct count | 11514 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 99.3% |
| Missing | 12011 |
| Missing (%) | 50.9% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/909f15e56869916ec4a0b8bc846c6282fab32a44?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 4 |
|---|---|
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/9dc29ff47cbdda2d3c5a66b3fabf9c7420f62950?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 3 |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/d4bc22abe2badf30a4be265e3ed00710fe71ca0a?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 3 |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/dabff7da6aa1afb6561972f43a81928fef0d48c9?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/e912c9cc523ca341d91791e756ddad019987930b?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 |
| Other values (11509) | |
| (Missing) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/909f15e56869916ec4a0b8bc846c6282fab32a44?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/9dc29ff47cbdda2d3c5a66b3fabf9c7420f62950?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/d4bc22abe2badf30a4be265e3ed00710fe71ca0a?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/dabff7da6aa1afb6561972f43a81928fef0d48c9?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/e912c9cc523ca341d91791e756ddad019987930b?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/7ca1598cec36c49118562b02491b9a030e233d88?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/e423b321c704592d84e3c0d74df3c4b31a0f7f63?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/9b8a388d8ba008eb5f7adc5dfe273cae68624f7b?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/d5caccdfe52737ae696dfc02fdea2c7f5599231d?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/724c46d8f0fb7ad7277eb244f1f865d33cd1f246?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (11504) | 11567 | 49.0% | |
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| https | 11591 | 49.1% | |
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| p.scdn.co | 11591 | 49.1% | |
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| /mp3-preview/909f15e56869916ec4a0b8bc846c6282fab32a44 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/9dc29ff47cbdda2d3c5a66b3fabf9c7420f62950 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/d4bc22abe2badf30a4be265e3ed00710fe71ca0a | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/bcbd55f5f0327bc7d7dfec6ffd77bec1897e76ea | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/6b69a9de5f85115fef393cb5e7c0a6173856d657 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/05bb7646f9e1791363e76c8af6e4b98d263b98de | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/248af4d4ce586a2bc601f53c09ec1c2a0547326a | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/ab4f06069148ef8510d8681164479601d4617bed | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/353cf8a34c586ca95060c3f988c0a4a3bb68215e | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| /mp3-preview/ae5f2bf4cc6dc607372e5823912c5056554395a3 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (11504) | 11567 | 49.0% | |
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 11591 | 49.1% | |
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 11591 | 49.1% | ||
| (Missing) | 12011 | 50.9% |
| Distinct count | 12193 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 62.4% |
| Missing | 4076 |
| Missing (%) | 17.3% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 220508.0112158148 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 29688.0 |
| Maximum | 3079157.0 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 29688 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 135436 |
| Q1 | 174856.25 |
| median | 214623 |
| Q3 | 253266 |
| 95-th percentile | 327886.25 |
| Maximum | 3079157 |
| Range | 3049469 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 78409.75 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 68205.17049 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3093092632 |
| Kurtosis | 175.1260093 |
| Mean | 220508.0112 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 39193.5 |
| Skewness | 5.63112006 |
| Sum | 4305639427 |
| Variance | 4651945281 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 160000 | 10 | < 0.1% | |
| 205733 | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| 229466 | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| 207466 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| 201000 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| 196000 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| 267066 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| 208133 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| 178266 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| 232000 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (12183) | 19446 | 82.4% | |
| (Missing) | 4076 | 17.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 29688 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 37013 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 46253 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 48000 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 49292 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 3079157 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1561133 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1367093 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1124153 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1008533 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 2 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | < 0.1% |
| Missing | 4076 |
| Missing (%) | 17.3% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 2372 |
| (Missing) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| False | 17154 | 72.7% | |
| True | 2372 | 10.0% | |
| (Missing) | 4076 | 17.3% |
| Distinct count | 11397 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 58.4% |
| Missing | 4081 |
| Missing (%) | 17.3% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| Greatest Hits | 187 |
|---|---|
| Glee: The Musi | 86 |
| Gold | 46 |
| The Definitive Collection | 45 |
| Super Hits | 44 |
| Other values (11392) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| Greatest Hits | 187 | 0.8% | |
| Glee: The Musi | 86 | 0.4% | |
| Gold | 46 | 0.2% | |
| The Definitive Collection | 45 | 0.2% | |
| Super Hits | 44 | 0.2% | |
| Capitol Collectors Series | 42 | 0.2% | |
| 20 Greatest Hits | 29 | 0.1% | |
| Anthology | 29 | 0.1% | |
| Love Songs | 25 | 0.1% | |
| Best Of | 23 | 0.1% | |
| Other values (11387) | 18965 | 80.4% | |
| (Missing) | 4081 | 17.3% |
Length
| Max length | 2687 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 15 |
| Mean length | 63.35374121 |
| Min length | 1 |
| Distinct count | 829 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 4.3% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.5999790992656499 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 0.988 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.329 |
| Q1 | 0.499 |
| median | 0.609 |
| Q3 | 0.708 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.845 |
| Maximum | 0.988 |
| Range | 0.988 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.209 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1529252864 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.254884356 |
| Kurtosis | -0.2275473566 |
| Mean | 0.5999790993 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.103 |
| Skewness | -0.238767317 |
| Sum | 11683.393 |
| Variance | 0.02338614321 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.66 | 72 | 0.3% | |
| 0.652 | 71 | 0.3% | |
| 0.637 | 70 | 0.3% | |
| 0.602 | 68 | 0.3% | |
| 0.674 | 68 | 0.3% | |
| 0.551 | 66 | 0.3% | |
| 0.628 | 65 | 0.3% | |
| 0.589 | 63 | 0.3% | |
| 0.651 | 63 | 0.3% | |
| 0.558 | 63 | 0.3% | |
| Other values (819) | 18804 | 79.7% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.103 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.105 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.107 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.111 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.988 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.986 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.981 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.98 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.978 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 965 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 5.0% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.6191328393673291 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.000581 |
| Maximum | 0.997 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.000581 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.2686 |
| Q1 | 0.476 |
| median | 0.635 |
| Q3 | 0.779 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.9144 |
| Maximum | 0.997 |
| Range | 0.996419 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.303 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1991751565 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3217001972 |
| Kurtosis | -0.5925563871 |
| Mean | 0.6191328394 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.15 |
| Skewness | -0.3337734357 |
| Sum | 12056.37378 |
| Variance | 0.03967074296 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.73 | 54 | 0.2% | |
| 0.663 | 48 | 0.2% | |
| 0.727 | 47 | 0.2% | |
| 0.681 | 47 | 0.2% | |
| 0.743 | 47 | 0.2% | |
| 0.665 | 46 | 0.2% | |
| 0.621 | 46 | 0.2% | |
| 0.683 | 45 | 0.2% | |
| 0.61 | 45 | 0.2% | |
| 0.693 | 44 | 0.2% | |
| Other values (955) | 19004 | 80.5% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.000581 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0181 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0201 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.021 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.022 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.997 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.996 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.995 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.994 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.993 | 5 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 12 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.1% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 5.224464643352334 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 11.0 |
| Zeros | 2473 |
| Zeros (%) | 10.5% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0 |
| Q1 | 2 |
| median | 5 |
| Q3 | 8 |
| 95-th percentile | 11 |
| Maximum | 11 |
| Range | 11 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 6 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 3.563240906 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.6820298633 |
| Kurtosis | -1.289315031 |
| Mean | 5.224464643 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 3 |
| Skewness | 0.0005491059115 |
| Sum | 101736 |
| Variance | 12.69668576 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 2473 | 10.5% | |
| 7 | 2301 | 9.7% | |
| 2 | 1964 | 8.3% | |
| 9 | 1948 | 8.3% | |
| 5 | 1746 | 7.4% | |
| 1 | 1742 | 7.4% | |
| 4 | 1510 | 6.4% | |
| 10 | 1410 | 6.0% | |
| 11 | 1363 | 5.8% | |
| 8 | 1209 | 5.1% | |
| Other values (2) | 1807 | 7.7% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 2473 | 10.5% | |
| 1 | 1742 | 7.4% | |
| 2 | 1964 | 8.3% | |
| 3 | 650 | 2.8% | |
| 4 | 1510 | 6.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 11 | 1363 | 5.8% | |
| 10 | 1410 | 6.0% | |
| 9 | 1948 | 8.3% | |
| 8 | 1209 | 5.1% | |
| 7 | 2301 | 9.7% |
| Distinct count | 10149 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 52.1% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | -8.657335336106403 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | -27.01 |
| Maximum | 2.291 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | -27.01 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | -15.044 |
| Q1 | -11.052 |
| median | -8.205 |
| Q3 | -5.853 |
| 95-th percentile | -3.685 |
| Maximum | 2.291 |
| Range | 29.301 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 5.199 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 3.590681716 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | -0.4147559932 |
| Kurtosis | 0.1902758439 |
| Mean | -8.657335336 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 2.545 |
| Skewness | -0.6137790394 |
| Sum | -168584.291 |
| Variance | 12.89299518 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| -5.18 | 9 | < 0.1% | |
| -5.987 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -6.262 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -5.79 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -6.836 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -9.088 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -6.611 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -7.076 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -11.716 | 8 | < 0.1% | |
| -8.749 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (10139) | 19393 | 82.2% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| -27.01 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -26.826 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -25.473 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -25.035 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -25 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 2.291 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.175 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -0.463 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -0.507 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| -0.517 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 2 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | < 0.1% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
| 1 | |
|---|---|
| 0 | |
| (Missing) |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 1 | 14122 | 59.8% | |
| 0 | 5351 | 22.7% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Distinct count | 1202 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 6.2% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.07376192677040004 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 0.951 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.027 |
| Q1 | 0.0322 |
| median | 0.0414 |
| Q3 | 0.0688 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.269 |
| Maximum | 0.951 |
| Range | 0.951 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.0366 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.08284906646 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 1.12319553 |
| Kurtosis | 11.61955081 |
| Mean | 0.07376192677 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.0116 |
| Skewness | 3.085898091 |
| Sum | 1436.366 |
| Variance | 0.006863967814 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.0317 | 99 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0295 | 96 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0298 | 94 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0303 | 92 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0294 | 92 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0287 | 89 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0309 | 88 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0305 | 88 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0306 | 87 | 0.4% | |
| 0.0348 | 87 | 0.4% | |
| Other values (1192) | 18561 | 78.6% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.022 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0221 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0224 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0225 | 2 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.951 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.924 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.894 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.888 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.846 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 2923 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 15.0% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.2939978740800082 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 3.28e-06 |
| Maximum | 0.991 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 3.28e-06 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.002606 |
| Q1 | 0.0467 |
| median | 0.194 |
| Q3 | 0.506 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.839 |
| Maximum | 0.991 |
| Range | 0.99099672 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.4593 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.2821897909 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.9598361612 |
| Kurtosis | -0.7107863482 |
| Mean | 0.2939978741 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.174 |
| Skewness | 0.7668853625 |
| Sum | 5725.020602 |
| Variance | 0.07963107807 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.117 | 42 | 0.2% | |
| 0.104 | 40 | 0.2% | |
| 0.101 | 39 | 0.2% | |
| 0.13 | 39 | 0.2% | |
| 0.111 | 37 | 0.2% | |
| 0.113 | 37 | 0.2% | |
| 0.108 | 37 | 0.2% | |
| 0.107 | 37 | 0.2% | |
| 0.105 | 36 | 0.2% | |
| 0.129 | 36 | 0.2% | |
| Other values (2913) | 19093 | 80.9% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 3.28e-06 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 5.67e-06 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 7.81e-06 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 8e-06 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 1.21e-05 | 2 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.991 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.99 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.989 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.988 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.987 | 4 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 4140 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 21.3% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.03273251442356083 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 0.982 |
| Zeros | 8041 |
| Zeros (%) | 34.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0 |
| Q1 | 0 |
| median | 4.55e-06 |
| Q3 | 0.000459 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.1694 |
| Maximum | 0.982 |
| Range | 0.982 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.000459 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.13697018 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 4.184529738 |
| Kurtosis | 25.40567827 |
| Mean | 0.03273251442 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 4.55e-06 |
| Skewness | 5.026606286 |
| Sum | 637.4002534 |
| Variance | 0.01876083021 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 8041 | 34.1% | |
| 1.03e-05 | 22 | 0.1% | |
| 1.16e-06 | 19 | 0.1% | |
| 1.1e-06 | 16 | 0.1% | |
| 1.17e-06 | 16 | 0.1% | |
| 0.000104 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| 0.00109 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| 1.23e-05 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| 0.0114 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| 1.01e-06 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| Other values (4130) | 11284 | 47.8% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 8041 | 34.1% | |
| 1e-06 | 3 | < 0.1% | |
| 1.01e-06 | 15 | 0.1% | |
| 1.02e-06 | 11 | < 0.1% | |
| 1.03e-06 | 10 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.982 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.978 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.966 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.965 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.963 | 2 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 1567 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 8.0% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.19177828120988036 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.00967 |
| Maximum | 0.999 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0.00967 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.0521 |
| Q1 | 0.0907 |
| median | 0.13 |
| Q3 | 0.248 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.527 |
| Maximum | 0.999 |
| Range | 0.98933 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.1573 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.1588214712 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.8281514998 |
| Kurtosis | 5.223438328 |
| Mean | 0.1917782812 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.055 |
| Skewness | 2.108303124 |
| Sum | 3734.49847 |
| Variance | 0.02522425972 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.106 | 169 | 0.7% | |
| 0.111 | 161 | 0.7% | |
| 0.107 | 161 | 0.7% | |
| 0.105 | 158 | 0.7% | |
| 0.11 | 152 | 0.6% | |
| 0.108 | 152 | 0.6% | |
| 0.104 | 151 | 0.6% | |
| 0.112 | 145 | 0.6% | |
| 0.109 | 145 | 0.6% | |
| 0.114 | 143 | 0.6% | |
| Other values (1557) | 17936 | 76.0% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.00967 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.013 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0136 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0146 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0166 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.999 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.997 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.991 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.99 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.987 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 1071 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 5.5% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 0.6020029425358188 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 0.991 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0.1886 |
| Q1 | 0.415 |
| median | 0.622 |
| Q3 | 0.802 |
| 95-th percentile | 0.955 |
| Maximum | 0.991 |
| Range | 0.991 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0.387 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.2387190566 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3965413451 |
| Kurtosis | -0.9447858508 |
| Mean | 0.6020029425 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.192 |
| Skewness | -0.2705891024 |
| Sum | 11722.8033 |
| Variance | 0.05698678796 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.961 | 111 | 0.5% | |
| 0.963 | 94 | 0.4% | |
| 0.962 | 93 | 0.4% | |
| 0.964 | 79 | 0.3% | |
| 0.965 | 73 | 0.3% | |
| 0.96 | 69 | 0.3% | |
| 0.966 | 52 | 0.2% | |
| 0.969 | 48 | 0.2% | |
| 0.967 | 45 | 0.2% | |
| 0.763 | 44 | 0.2% | |
| Other values (1061) | 18765 | 79.5% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0352 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0359 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0361 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.0363 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0.991 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.99 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.989 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.988 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 0.987 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 16945 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 87.0% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 120.33935885585169 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 241.009 |
| Zeros | 1 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 79.0904 |
| Q1 | 99.225 |
| median | 118.975 |
| Q3 | 136.596 |
| 95-th percentile | 173.8436 |
| Maximum | 241.009 |
| Range | 241.009 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 37.371 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 28.00929683 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2327525848 |
| Kurtosis | 0.0008495160298 |
| Mean | 120.3393589 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 18.963 |
| Skewness | 0.4980485233 |
| Sum | 2343368.335 |
| Variance | 784.5207087 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 119.987 | 7 | < 0.1% | |
| 99.991 | 6 | < 0.1% | |
| 119.991 | 6 | < 0.1% | |
| 129.993 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 140.022 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 113 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 119.964 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 116 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 120.009 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| 120.08 | 5 | < 0.1% | |
| Other values (16935) | 19419 | 82.3% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 35.716 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 36.71 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 37.114 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 47.94 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 241.009 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 233.429 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 211.206 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 210.874 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 210.75 | 1 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 5 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | < 0.1% |
| Missing | 4129 |
| Missing (%) | 17.5% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.931905715606224 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 5.0 |
| Zeros | 2 |
| Zeros (%) | < 0.1% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 3 |
| Q1 | 4 |
| median | 4 |
| Q3 | 4 |
| 95-th percentile | 4 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 0.3206232199 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.08154397462 |
| Kurtosis | 31.73187562 |
| Mean | 3.931905716 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | -4.411429671 |
| Sum | 76566 |
| Variance | 0.1027992491 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 4 | 18011 | 76.3% | |
| 3 | 1239 | 5.2% | |
| 5 | 146 | 0.6% | |
| 1 | 75 | 0.3% | |
| 0 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| (Missing) | 4129 | 17.5% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 2 | < 0.1% | |
| 1 | 75 | 0.3% | |
| 3 | 1239 | 5.2% | |
| 4 | 18011 | 76.3% | |
| 5 | 146 | 0.6% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 5 | 146 | 0.6% | |
| 4 | 18011 | 76.3% | |
| 3 | 1239 | 5.2% | |
| 1 | 75 | 0.3% | |
| 0 | 2 | < 0.1% |
| Distinct count | 100 |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.5% |
| Missing | 4076 |
| Missing (%) | 17.3% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 41.23204957492574 |
|---|---|
| Minimum | 0.0 |
| Maximum | 100.0 |
| Zeros | 222 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.9% |
| Memory size | 184.4 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 4 |
| Q1 | 23 |
| median | 43 |
| Q3 | 59 |
| 95-th percentile | 76 |
| Maximum | 100 |
| Range | 100 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 36 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 22.47222623 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.5450184132 |
| Kurtosis | -0.9854118289 |
| Mean | 41.23204957 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 18 |
| Skewness | -0.06221972306 |
| Sum | 805097 |
| Variance | 505.0009518 |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 44 | 324 | 1.4% | |
| 57 | 320 | 1.4% | |
| 53 | 316 | 1.3% | |
| 48 | 312 | 1.3% | |
| 47 | 309 | 1.3% | |
| 54 | 302 | 1.3% | |
| 58 | 300 | 1.3% | |
| 52 | 296 | 1.3% | |
| 49 | 293 | 1.2% | |
| 41 | 292 | 1.2% | |
| Other values (90) | 16462 | 69.7% | |
| (Missing) | 4076 | 17.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 0 | 222 | 0.9% | |
| 1 | 190 | 0.8% | |
| 2 | 177 | 0.7% | |
| 3 | 197 | 0.8% | |
| 4 | 197 | 0.8% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) | |
| 100 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 98 | 1 | < 0.1% | |
| 97 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| 96 | 4 | < 0.1% | |
| 95 | 7 | < 0.1% |
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.First rows
| df_index | song_id | performer | song | spotify_genre | spotify_track_id | spotify_track_preview_url | spotify_track_duration_ms | spotify_track_explicit | spotify_track_album | danceability | energy | key | loudness | mode | speechiness | acousticness | instrumentalness | liveness | valence | tempo | time_signature | spotify_track_popularity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 9624 | Here's A HeartThe Diplomats | The Diplomats | Here's A Heart | ['gangster rap', 'hardcore hip hop', 'harlem hip hop', 'hip hop', 'pop rap', 'rap', 'southern hip hop', 'trap'] | 39xymLsE59O6HtMtqMhb7A | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/9a96cf7978baef306ddc674249647ac306735293?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 155200.0 | False | Ace's Golden Age of American Hits Vol 1 | 0.560 | 0.568 | 8.0 | -7.113 | 1.0 | 0.0380 | 0.5430 | 0.000000 | 0.6380 | 0.555 | 81.824 | 3.0 | 0.0 |
| 1 | 5431 | DigIncubus | Incubus | Dig | ['alternative metal', 'alternative rock', 'funk metal', 'funk rock', 'modern rock', 'nu metal', 'pop rock', 'post-grunge', 'rock'] | 5wvYib82q05wiNjLElD8GJ | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/869c0cf3f8e04da5607564a422650a74c85d9a33?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 257253.0 | False | Light Grenades | 0.450 | 0.895 | 11.0 | -4.739 | 1.0 | 0.0386 | 0.0293 | 0.000000 | 0.1160 | 0.463 | 77.577 | 4.0 | 63.0 |
| 2 | 11066 | I Like Dreamin'Kenny Nolan | Kenny Nolan | I Like Dreamin' | ['bubblegum pop'] | 4wlRO5dyyO7jYrzs2PltV8 | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/d9006c9b1b11f40911acdb61db18c78278060eab?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 221560.0 | False | All-Time Greatest Performances | 0.626 | 0.181 | 4.0 | -14.203 | 0.0 | 0.0394 | 0.9530 | 0.007690 | 0.1030 | 0.253 | 123.911 | 4.0 | 38.0 |
| 3 | 1241 | All You Need Is LoveThe Beatles | The Beatles | All You Need Is Love | ['british invasion', 'merseybeat', 'psychedelic rock', 'rock'] | 68BTFws92cRztMS1oQ7Ewj | NaN | 230386.0 | False | Magical Mystery Tour (Remastered) | 0.400 | 0.480 | 7.0 | -7.768 | 1.0 | 0.0295 | 0.3460 | 0.000031 | 0.1550 | 0.653 | 103.436 | 4.0 | 69.0 |
| 4 | 6453 | Eat It"Weird Al" Yankovic | "Weird Al" Yankovic | Eat It | ['antiviral pop', 'comedy rock', 'comic', 'parody'] | 0WuYuWhLws8VahMy2zLLRJ | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/5b9843b163d62ce67429da82faad2687edcb88b1?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 200626.0 | False | The Essential "Weird Al" Yankovic | 0.767 | 0.811 | 7.0 | -8.548 | 1.0 | 0.0766 | 0.0866 | 0.000000 | 0.0684 | 0.858 | 147.423 | 4.0 | 46.0 |
| 5 | 19180 | Pop Goes The Movies Part IMeco | Meco | Pop Goes The Movies Part I | [] | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN |
| 6 | 23616 | Talk DirtyJason Derulo Featuring 2 Chainz | Jason Derulo Featuring 2 Chainz | Talk Dirty | ['dance pop', 'pop', 'pop rap', 'post-teen pop', 'urban contemporary'] | 6g6A7qNhTfUgOSH7ROOxTD | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/222364acc54017734b3e55a124e41106849e76f8?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 177685.0 | True | Talk Dirty | 0.760 | 0.652 | 6.0 | -7.321 | 1.0 | 0.2320 | 0.0348 | 0.000000 | 0.3070 | 0.759 | 100.315 | 4.0 | 65.0 |
| 7 | 11353 | I Started Loving You AgainAl Martino | Al Martino | I Started Loving You Again | ['adult standards', 'brill building pop', 'easy listening', 'lounge'] | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN |
| 8 | 24093 | The Adventures Of Moon Man & Slim ShadyKid Cudi & Eminem | Kid Cudi & Eminem | The Adventures Of Moon Man & Slim Shady | NaN | 38iBrrbbXyWaSPkmuDNgjZ | NaN | 264833.0 | True | {'album_type': 'single', 'artists': [{'external_urls': {'spotify': 'https://open.spotify.com/artist/0fA0VVWsXO9YnASrzqfmYu'}, 'href': 'https://api.spotify.com/v1/artists/0fA0VVWsXO9YnASrzqfmYu', 'id': '0fA0VVWsXO9YnASrzqfmYu', 'name': 'Kid Cudi', 'type': 'artist', 'uri': 'spotify:artist:0fA0VVWsXO9YnASrzqfmYu'}, {'external_urls': {'spotify': 'https://open.spotify.com/artist/7dGJo4pcD2V6oG8kP0tJRR'}, 'href': 'https://api.spotify.com/v1/artists/7dGJo4pcD2V6oG8kP0tJRR', 'id': '7dGJo4pcD2V6oG8kP0tJRR', 'name': 'Eminem', 'type': 'artist', 'uri': 'spotify:artist:7dGJo4pcD2V6oG8kP0tJRR'}], 'available_markets': ['AD', 'AE', 'AG', 'AL', 'AM', 'AO', 'AR', 'AT', 'AU', 'AZ', 'BA', 'BB', 'BD', 'BE', 'BF', 'BG', 'BH', 'BI', 'BJ', 'BN', 'BO', 'BR', 'BS', 'BT', 'BW', 'BY', 'BZ', 'CA', 'CH', 'CI', 'CL', 'CM', 'CO', 'CR', 'CV', 'CW', 'CY', 'CZ', 'DE', 'DJ', 'DK', 'DM', 'DO', 'DZ', 'EC', 'EE', 'EG', 'ES', 'FI', 'FJ', 'FM', 'FR', 'GA', 'GB', 'GD', 'GE', 'GH', 'GM', 'GN', 'GQ', 'GR', 'GT', 'GW', 'GY', 'HK', 'HN', 'HR', 'HT', 'HU', 'ID', 'IE', 'IL', 'IN', 'IS', 'IT', 'JM', 'JO', 'JP', 'KE', 'KG', 'KH', 'KI', 'KM', 'KN', 'KR', 'KW', 'KZ', 'LA', 'LB', 'LC', 'LI', 'LK', 'LR', 'LS', 'LT', 'LU', 'LV', 'MA', 'MC', 'MD', 'ME', 'MG', 'MH', 'MK', 'ML', 'MN', 'MO', 'MR', 'MT', 'MU', 'MV', 'MW', 'MX', 'MY', 'MZ', 'NA', 'NE', 'NG', 'NI', 'NL', 'NO', 'NP', 'NR', 'NZ', 'OM', 'PA', 'PE', 'PG', 'PH', 'PK', 'PL', 'PS', 'PT', 'PW', 'PY', 'QA', 'RO', 'RS', 'RU', 'RW', 'SA', 'SB', 'SC', 'SE', 'SG', 'SI', 'SK', 'SL', 'SM', 'SN', 'SR', 'ST', 'SV', 'SZ', 'TD', 'TG', 'TH', 'TL', 'TN', 'TO', 'TR', 'TT', 'TV', 'TW', 'TZ', 'UA', 'UG', 'US', 'UY', 'UZ', 'VC', 'VN', 'VU', 'WS', 'XK', 'ZA', 'ZM', 'ZW'], 'external_urls': {'spotify': 'https://open.spotify.com/album/4Cr6vlJh83a5Eby9DZRPwD'}, 'href': 'https://api.spotify.com/v1/albums/4Cr6vlJh83a5Eby9DZRPwD', 'id': '4Cr6vlJh83a5Eby9DZRPwD', 'images': [{'height': 640, 'url': 'https://i.scdn.co/image/ab67616d0000b27355dfd42001dbc79e5552c82c', 'width': 640}, {'height': 300, 'url': 'https://i.scdn.co/image/ab67616d00001e0255dfd42001dbc79e5552c82c', 'width': 300}, {'height': 64, 'url': 'https://i.scdn.co/image/ab67616d0000485155dfd42001dbc79e5552c82c', 'width': 64}], 'name': 'The Adventures of Moon Man & Slim Shady (with Eminem)', 'release_date': '2020-07-10', 'release_date_precision': 'day', 'total_tracks': 1, 'type': 'album', 'uri': 'spotify:album:4Cr6vlJh83a5Eby9DZRPwD'} | 0.880 | 0.787 | 8.0 | -5.189 | 1.0 | 0.1180 | 0.2260 | 0.000000 | 0.1200 | 0.588 | 113.018 | 4.0 | 69.0 |
| 9 | 28689 | Yes IndeedPete Fountain | Pete Fountain | Yes Indeed | ['dixieland', 'jazz clarinet', 'new orleans jazz'] | 1T5cdFiSyAZeOQAYS6rWyD | NaN | 172666.0 | False | Best Of Pete Fountain | 0.543 | 0.343 | 10.0 | -15.004 | 1.0 | 0.0325 | 0.8380 | 0.001580 | 0.2030 | 0.817 | 110.632 | 4.0 | 7.0 |
Last rows
| df_index | song_id | performer | song | spotify_genre | spotify_track_id | spotify_track_preview_url | spotify_track_duration_ms | spotify_track_explicit | spotify_track_album | danceability | energy | key | loudness | mode | speechiness | acousticness | instrumentalness | liveness | valence | tempo | time_signature | spotify_track_popularity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 23592 | 26169 | TroublemakerOlly Murs Featuring Flo Rida | Olly Murs Featuring Flo Rida | Troublemaker | ['dance pop', 'europop', 'neo mellow', 'pop', 'pop rap', 'pop rock', 'post-teen pop', 'talent show', 'uk pop'] | 0gRczqVHrEQQDyizJUtgRc | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/1348a11937a7f898a0fed3536ac349d50ae3ae37?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 185200.0 | False | Right Place Right Time (Deluxe) | 0.761 | 0.856 | 0.0 | -3.650 | 0.0 | 0.0731 | 0.02000 | 0.000000 | 0.1490 | 0.9670 | 106.009 | 4.0 | 65.0 |
| 23593 | 13435 | JumpmanDrake & Future | Drake & Future | Jumpman | ['canadian hip hop', 'canadian pop', 'hip hop', 'pop rap', 'rap', 'toronto rap'] | 27GmP9AWRs744SzKcpJsTZ | NaN | 205879.0 | True | What A Time To Be Alive | 0.852 | 0.553 | 1.0 | -7.286 | 1.0 | 0.1870 | 0.05630 | 0.000000 | 0.3320 | 0.6560 | 142.072 | 4.0 | 76.0 |
| 23594 | 7763 | FriendsThe Carters | The Carters | Friends | ['pop', 'pop rap', 'r&b', 'rap', 'urban contemporary'] | 0gu5B9dUOiLezdDjrLPCCV | NaN | 344293.0 | True | EVERYTHING IS LOVE | 0.750 | 0.573 | 10.0 | -8.391 | 0.0 | 0.0779 | 0.13700 | 0.000019 | 0.1330 | 0.3030 | 143.948 | 4.0 | 53.0 |
| 23595 | 15377 | Love Is On The WaySaigon Kick | Saigon Kick | Love Is On The Way | ['glam metal', 'hard rock'] | 3F3n2V9XBrtb1omqLfcNPe | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/693482933c5cf9a6c6365c7f2aa3bfbe7ae170d1?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 264173.0 | False | The Lizard | 0.576 | 0.449 | 1.0 | -8.764 | 0.0 | 0.0287 | 0.08500 | 0.000000 | 0.1190 | 0.0552 | 129.323 | 4.0 | 52.0 |
| 23596 | 21602 | Since I Made You CryThe Rivieras | The Rivieras | Since I Made You Cry | ['classic garage rock', 'doo-wop', 'surf music'] | 43fPIcXcSaEAOaHywu4nsW | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/6d0215cd5de93ce849bd7c08782e059e299f7c31?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 157133.0 | False | Moonlight Cocktails | 0.424 | 0.480 | 1.0 | -11.313 | 1.0 | 0.0312 | 0.76800 | 0.000007 | 0.0729 | 0.5690 | 106.968 | 4.0 | 1.0 |
| 23597 | 28636 | XOJohn Mayer | John Mayer | XO | ['neo mellow', 'pop', 'pop rock', 'singer-songwriter'] | 7cpCU3Denug5NGZsSpQl8v | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/ae749156ad44a1695dfc9371924868f554c62f09?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 213626.0 | False | XO | 0.431 | 0.377 | 2.0 | -9.753 | 1.0 | 0.0288 | 0.74900 | 0.000000 | 0.2110 | 0.3530 | 173.670 | 4.0 | 73.0 |
| 23598 | 17730 | Nobody But YouKenny Loggins With Jim Messina | Kenny Loggins With Jim Messina | Nobody But You | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN | NaN |
| 23599 | 28030 | Who Do You Think You AreThe Shindogs | The Shindogs | Who Do You Think You Are | [] | 3DBdTT9nwUOw4ENzumkyWi | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/9e2488051b846598c6bbdf396496600f8500574e?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 148813.0 | False | Ain't It Hard! Garage & Psych From Viva Records | 0.651 | 0.767 | 6.0 | -7.693 | 1.0 | 0.0306 | 0.33800 | 0.000000 | 0.2290 | 0.9370 | 132.727 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
| 23600 | 15725 | LuanneForeigner | Foreigner | Luanne | ['album rock', 'classic rock', 'hard rock', 'mellow gold', 'rock', 'soft rock'] | 0t7szxjCNe2CCnlmIihHwS | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/5ba2baff8224885c7a21e60d0ba35f7e3707e517?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 207493.0 | False | 4 (Expanded) | 0.600 | 0.869 | 2.0 | -5.362 | 1.0 | 0.0411 | 0.00295 | 0.000000 | 0.1200 | 0.7840 | 141.133 | 4.0 | 38.0 |
| 23601 | 19966 | Rich As HellYoungBoy Never Broke Again | YoungBoy Never Broke Again | Rich As Hell | ['baton rouge rap', 'trap'] | 5A6tFAdihqILHJrWuR6wD4 | https://p.scdn.co/mp3-preview/5f625ea5748dc9a65270442f0da35b7faaa32bd9?cid=b8d3901151d34489a160e3cf0ab1fa94 | 215327.0 | True | AI YoungBoy 2 | 0.874 | 0.647 | 1.0 | -5.256 | 1.0 | 0.4410 | 0.03820 | 0.000000 | 0.2150 | 0.2280 | 154.040 | 4.0 | 71.0 |